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TY  - JOUR
AU  - Christopher, Robert 
AU  - Msonga, Amina 
AU  - Hoppe, Heinrich C. 
AU  - Fabrice F. Boyom, 
PY  - 2023/03/31
Y2  - 2025/07/31
TI  - Ethanol Extracts from Selected Tanzanian Medicinal Plants Selectively Inhibit Plasmodium falciparum Growth In Vitro
JF  - Tanzania Journal of Science
JA  - Tanz. J. Sci.
VL  - 49
IS  - 1
SE  - Articles
DO  - 10.4314/tjs.v49i1.4
UR  - https://tjs.udsm.ac.tz/index.php/tjs/article/view/1314
SP  - 41-47
AB  - &lt;p&gt;This study aimed to assess the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of ethanol extracts from the root barks, leaves and stem barks of seven medicinal plant species growing in Tanzania. The antiplasmodial activities of extracts against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and multidrug-resistant (Dd2) strains of &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt; were determined using a SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay, while the cytotoxicity of active extracts was determined against the human HepG2 cell line using a resazurin-based assay. Out of twenty-one extracts screened, two of them, namely, DFRE from &lt;em&gt;Dracaena fragrans&lt;/em&gt; root bark (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pf&lt;/em&gt;3D7 = 2.4 mg/mL) and EHSE from &lt;em&gt;Erythrina haerdii&lt;/em&gt; stem bark (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pf&lt;/em&gt;3D7 = 8.6 mg/mL and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pf&lt;/em&gt;Dd2 = 7.6 mg/mL), exhibited good potencies against &lt;em&gt;P. falciparum &lt;/em&gt;parasites. The two extracts emerged as the most promising and selective inhibitors (inhibited the growth of &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;falciparum&lt;/em&gt; strains and were not toxic to the human HepG2 cell line) of chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and multidrug-resistant (Dd2) strains of &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;falciparum&lt;/em&gt;. Eight other extracts showed moderate potencies with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;values ranging from 11–25 mg/mL against both plasmodial strains, while the remaining 11 extracts were mildly active with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;values ranging from 25.1 to 96.7 mg/mL. The results of the cytotoxicity test indicated that the median cytotoxic concentrations (CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) of the tested extracts were all ≥ 224.8 mg/mL, leading to selectivity indices (SI) &amp;gt; 10-fold for most of the extracts. The findings described in this article support the traditional use of the investigated medicinal plants to treat malaria.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords: &lt;/strong&gt;Antiplasmodial; Cytotoxicity; Ethanol extracts; &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
ER  -