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@article{Ogeleka_Bokolo_Omoregie_2020, title={Assessment of the Phytotoxic Effects and Ecological Risks to Phaseolus vulgaris Planted on Crude Oil Spiked Soils }, volume={46}, url={https://tjs.udsm.ac.tz/index.php/tjs/article/view/119}, abstractNote={<p>Crude oil can contaminate environmental matrices during extraction, production, refining, loading and offloading. This study evaluated the phytotoxic effects and ecological risks to beans (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em>) planted on native soils spiked with concentrations of crude oil with a secondary aim to phytoremediate the soil. The results showed a decrease in plant heights (60.80 ± 2.11 to 25.30 ± 1.10 cm), leaf areas (40.00 ± 1.70 to 23.60 ± 1.40 cm<sup>2</sup>), leaf number (14.00 ± 0.00 to 8.00 ± 0.00), and stem girth (1.57 ± 0.06 to 1.33 ± 0.06 cm) with increasing crude oil concentrations. The total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) indicated that 30.2%, 21.4% and 7.6% of crude oil were removed from 1000 mg/kg (0.1%), 10000 mg/kg (1%) and 100000 mg/kg (10%) crude oil contaminated soil in addition to that taken up by the plants (10.8%, 8.6% and 0), respectively. Considerable differences between the treatment groups and the controls were measured at levels of <em>P </em>= 0.05. The plant<em> Phaseolus vulgaris</em> had bio-remediative potentials–ability to absorb the pollutants, however, its efficacy to hyper-accumulate will take a considerable period, probably several months to years to phyto-remediate a small percentage of toxicants (crude oil) in the soil.</p>}, number={1}, journal={Tanzania Journal of Science}, author={Ogeleka, Doris F. and Bokolo, Patrick C. and Omoregie, Gloria O.}, year={2020}, month={Mar.}, pages={116 – 128} }